As of Aug. 25, 2025, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) is reportedly holding 6,333 bitcoin ( BTC), according to figures shared by Arkham Intelligence. Posting the update on X, Arkham said, “The UAE’s $700M BTC holdings are now labeled on Arkham. These holdings come from Bitcoin mining operations carried out by Citadel, a public mining company majority owned by UAE Royal Group through IHC.”
The blockchain analytics firm also noted:
“Arkham is the first to publicly identify these addresses.”
Arkham revealed that the UAE ranks as the fourth-largest government holder of bitcoin on its platform, with around $712 million in BTC. Unlike the U.S. and U.K., whose bitcoin stashes stem from law enforcement seizures, the UAE’s stockpile comes directly from mining through Citadel Mining, Arkham explained in its X thread.
The firm also said roughly 9,300 BTC have been mined so far, with at least 6,300 BTC still sitting in UAE-controlled wallets. According to Arkham, Citadel Mining is 85% owned by 2pointzero, a firm entirely owned by IHC. IHC itself is approximately 61% owned by UAE Royal Group, a major conglomerate led by Sheikh Tahnoon bin Zayed Al Nahyan of Abu Dhabi’s ruling family.
“In conjunction with Phoenix Group (a public UAE mining company) and the UAE government-owned IHC, Citadel built an 80,000 square meter bitcoin mining facility on Al Reem Island in Abu Dhabi in 2022 in 6 months,” Arkham detailed on X. “We were able to corroborate the timeline of on-chain mining activity with time-lapse satellite imagery of facility construction. Onchain transactions between Phoenix and Citadel also match amounts disclosed in official reports.”
The UAE’s bitcoin position places it in a unique geopolitical tier—one where energy resources are being actively funneled into digital reserve assets. The UAE’s strategy showcases a deliberate alignment between sovereign capital and critical infrastructure, carving out a path to decentralized wealth through mining—not seizures or open-market buys—much like Bhutan’s own BTC playbook.
As governments position themselves in the digital monetary arena, the UAE’s mining-first approach signals a strategic move aimed at long-term influence. Arkham also pointed out that Phoenix Group is now labeled on its platform and currently holds $3.2 million in BTC. Phoenix revealed its treasury during its Q2 revenue results, which also mentioned a position in solana ( SOL).
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