Original Title: "A Look at the 'Mid-term Report' of Six Crypto Institutions: Strategy Earns Billions, Coinbase Relies on Investments to Save the Day"
Original Author: Nancy, PANews
The crypto earnings season is upon us, and major institutions have submitted their "mid-term reports" for 2025. Some have achieved soaring profits through skyrocketing valuations of their assets, while others are struggling to find transformation paths amid a slowdown in core business. The industry is gradually shifting from a reliance on single revenue streams to a diversified asset and comprehensive financial service model. In this article, PANews will summarize the latest financial performance and strategic trends of representative institutions in the crypto sector, including Strategy, Tether, Coinbase, Robinhood, Kraken, and Riot Platforms, which have either gone public or actively disclosed their Q2 financial reports.
Overview of the Financial Situation of Six Crypto Institutions in Q2 2025
Strategy: Earns Billions in Net Profit from Bitcoin, Plans to Continue Heavy Purchases
In Q2, Strategy's revenue reached $14.03 billion, a staggering year-on-year increase of 7106.4%. The company expects full-year revenue to reach $34 billion and forecasts diluted earnings per share (EPS) to rise to $80.
The significant revenue growth for the quarter was almost entirely driven by unrealized fair value gains from Bitcoin assets, which amounted to $14 billion, accounting for the vast majority of quarterly revenue. This marks the second quarter since Strategy adopted fair value accounting standards at the beginning of 2025. In contrast, the company's traditional software business generated only $114.5 million in revenue this quarter, making up about 0.8% of total revenue.
At the same time, Strategy's profitability surged in Q2, with net profit reaching $10.02 billion, a stark contrast to the net loss of $102.6 million in the same period of 2024. The company expects a full-year net profit of $24 billion for 2025.
As of the end of July 2025, Strategy's Bitcoin holdings had increased to 628,791 coins, with an additional 88,109 coins acquired in Q2. The total cost of these holdings reached $46.07 billion, with an average cost per Bitcoin of $73,277. Year-to-date, its Bitcoin yield has reached 25%, surpassing the original annual target, which has now been raised to 30%. To further expand its Bitcoin assets, Strategy announced plans to raise $4.2 billion through the issuance of STRC perpetual preferred shares to continue increasing its Bitcoin holdings.
Coinbase: Core Business Weakens, Investment Gains Support Net Profit
In Q2 2025, Coinbase reported total revenue of $1.497 billion, a 26% quarter-on-quarter decline. Transaction revenue for the quarter was $764 million, down 39% from the previous quarter, while subscription and service revenue reached $656 million, a 6% decrease. Coinbase attributed the revenue decline to reduced volatility in the crypto market, adjustments in stablecoin trading pair pricing strategies, and decreased trading activity across the platform, with total trading volume for the quarter at $237 billion, down 40% quarter-on-quarter.
Coinbase's net profit for the quarter reached $1.429 billion, significantly exceeding the $36 million reported in the same period last year. This profit growth was primarily driven by a $1.5 billion gain from Circle investments and $362 million in unrealized appreciation from its crypto portfolio. However, a previous user data breach incident resulted in a loss of $308 million, pushing total operating expenses to $1.5 billion (a 15% quarter-on-quarter increase), which exerted significant pressure on net profit. After excluding strategic investments and crypto asset investment gains, the adjusted net income was only $33 million, indicating that its core trading business is facing growth challenges.
In response to this predicament, Coinbase is actively promoting a strategic transformation. Its VP of Products, Max Branzburg, announced the expansion of trading categories, with new products including tokenized real-world assets, stocks, derivatives, prediction markets, and early token sales, which will first launch in the U.S. and then gradually expand to international markets based on regulatory approvals. Coinbase aims to build an "all-in-one exchange" to facilitate on-chain trading of all assets, directly competing with platforms like Robinhood, Gemini, and Kraken.
Tether: Quarterly Net Profit of $4.9 Billion, U.S. Treasury Holdings Exceed $127 Billion
As of Q2 2025, Tether's total assets reached $162.575 billion, surpassing its liabilities of $157.108 billion, resulting in an excess reserve of $5.467 billion (slightly down from $5.6 billion in the previous quarter); the circulation of USDT exceeded $157 billion, increasing by $20 billion year-to-date.
In terms of asset composition, Tether holds over $127 billion in U.S. Treasury securities (including $105.5 billion directly held and $21.3 billion indirectly held), an increase of about $8 billion from Q1, making it one of the world's top 18 holders of U.S. Treasuries. Additionally, it holds $8.9 billion in Bitcoin and $8.7 billion in precious metals (gold), among other assets.
Tether's net profit for Q2 was approximately $4.9 billion, significantly higher than the $830 million reported in Q1. Year-to-date, Tether has accumulated a net profit of $5.73 billion, of which $3.1 billion is from recurring income and $2.6 billion from the market value increase of Bitcoin and gold.
Overall, Tether demonstrated strong asset growth and profitability in this quarter, with its diversified asset allocation (such as gold and Bitcoin) providing flexibility to its profit structure.
Robinhood: Revenue Approaches $1 Billion, Crypto Business Doubles Profit
By the end of Q2 2025, Robinhood's balance sheet held $4.2 billion in cash and cash equivalents, providing ample "ammunition" for global expansion and new business ventures.
In this quarter, Robinhood achieved revenue of $989 million, a 45% year-on-year increase; net profit reached $386 million, doubling year-on-year and setting a new historical high. Adjusted EBITDA reached $549 million, with a profit margin rising to 56%. The core drivers of this growth were the strong rebounds in crypto trading and options trading. Specifically, options trading revenue reached $265 million, a 46% year-on-year increase, remaining the most critical source of income; crypto trading revenue reached $160 million, a 98% year-on-year increase, becoming a new growth driver; while stock trading revenue also recorded $66 million, a 65% year-on-year increase.
Robinhood also maintained strong performance in user scale and asset retention. The platform currently has 26.5 million funded accounts, a 10% year-on-year increase; total platform assets surpassed $279 billion, nearly doubling; active investment accounts reached 27.4 million, a 10% year-on-year increase; and high-value users (subscribing to Robinhood Gold) grew by 76%, reaching 3.5 million. Notably, the average revenue per user (ARPU) has reached $151, a 34% year-on-year increase, reflecting the platform's enhanced user monetization capability.
From a strategic perspective, the most noteworthy development this quarter was Robinhood's aggressive expansion in the crypto business, including the completion of its acquisition of the established European exchange Bitstamp; obtaining over 50 crypto compliance licenses and launching crypto services in 30 European countries; launching stock token products; opening crypto staking features in the U.S.; and planning to complete the acquisition of Canadian WonderFi in the second half of the year. Additionally, Robinhood is gradually building its own financial supermarket, with assets under management (AUM) for Robinhood Strategies digital advisory service reaching $500 million, retirement account assets totaling $20 billion, and Gold credit card users reaching 300,000.
Kraken: Profit Halved, Plans to Accelerate Diversification
In Q2 2025, Kraken continued to advance in multi-asset trading and global expansion, but the overall market trading activity slightly slowed, leading to declines in some key metrics quarter-on-quarter.
In this quarter, Kraken reported revenue of $412 million, an 18% year-on-year increase, but a quarter-on-quarter decline from $472 million. The adjusted EBITDA for the quarter was $80 million, a significant drop from $187 million in Q1. From an operational perspective, Kraken has approximately 15 million global customers, with total trading volume in Q2 at $186.8 billion, down 10.5% quarter-on-quarter but still achieving a 19% year-on-year growth; the number of funded accounts increased to 4.4 million, a remarkable 37% year-on-year increase; and the platform's custodial assets reached $43.2 billion, with a year-on-year growth of 47%.
Looking ahead, Kraken's global business will continue to accelerate, including the approval of new licenses, expansion of local funding channels, upgrades to multi-asset experiences, and the launch of innovative products such as international stocks, tokenized stocks, Kraken debit cards, and NinjaTrader development.
Notably, Kraken is seeking to raise $500 million at a valuation of $15 billion and plans to go public in 2026. In this regard, insights from 4.vc analyze that Kraken, with its user quality and trading activity at the forefront of the industry, is continuously reducing its reliance on spot trading fees by expanding into new businesses such as derivatives, stock trading, and payment services, thereby enhancing its resilience to market cycles. Additionally, against the backdrop of tightening regulations, Kraken has obtained compliance licenses in multiple regions, giving it significant advantages in compliance, security, and fiat entry services. In the face of fierce competition from Binance and Coinbase, Kraken has successfully established a "second-tier" brand positioning centered on product diversity and transparent compliance. If the crypto market continues to recover in the coming year, Kraken is expected to become the next publicly listed crypto exchange company after Coinbase that is stable and compliant in profitability.
Riot Platforms: Revenue Doubles Year-on-Year, BTC Production Increases by 69%
In Q2 2025, Riot Platforms achieved total revenue of $153 million, more than doubling from $70 million in the same period of 2024. This growth was primarily driven by its Bitcoin mining business, which contributed approximately $141 million in revenue, a year-on-year increase of over 150%. With the combined effects of rising Bitcoin prices and capacity expansion, the company produced a total of 1,426 BTC during the quarter, an increase of about 69% compared to 844 BTC in the same period last year.
Due to the halving event in April 2024 and the continuous rise in global hash rate, Riot's average mining cost per Bitcoin (excluding depreciation) rose to $48,992, a 93% year-on-year increase, but still significantly lower than the average Bitcoin selling price during the same period (approximately $98,800). However, if Bitcoin prices fall or mining difficulty continues to rise in the future, gross profit margins may be squeezed, making cost control and hash rate efficiency critical. According to Riot, with the rising demand for high-performance computing (HPC) and AI infrastructure, the company will continue to promote the diversified application of its power resources, gradually transforming from a single Bitcoin mining company into an "infrastructure platform centered on Bitcoin, aimed at future computing needs."
In terms of profit performance, Riot recorded a net profit of $219.5 million, far exceeding its negative performance in the same period of 2024, with adjusted EBITDA reaching $495.3 million, reflecting its strong cash generation capability and high operational leverage in its core business.
Additionally, the company continues to maintain a robust balance sheet. As of the end of Q2, Riot Platforms held a total of 19,273 BTC (valued at approximately $2.1 billion) and $255.4 million in unrestricted cash, providing ample financial support for its future expansion, high-performance computing transformation, or to cope with market fluctuations.
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