Author: AIMan, Golden Finance

The U.S. government has made another on-chain move.

On August 28, 2025, the U.S. Department of Commerce announced that it would start publishing actual Gross Domestic Product (GDP) data on nine blockchains beginning in July 2025.

At the same time, Chainlink also announced a collaboration with the U.S. Department of Commerce to put six key economic data points of the U.S. on ten blockchains.

What is going on here? Why are the number of blockchains different? How are they being put on-chain? This article provides a brief analysis.

Hash: The U.S. Department of Commerce Puts GDP Document Hash on Chain

On August 28, 2025, the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis announced that the year-on-year growth rate of actual GDP for the second quarter of 2025 was revised to 3.3%.

In addition to actual GDP data, the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis also released nominal GDP, actual final sales to private domestic purchasers, Gross Domestic Income (GDI), the average of actual GDP and actual GDI, the domestic purchase price index, the Personal Consumption Expenditures (PCE) price index, and the core PCE price index.

The document is published in PDF format: https://www.bea.gov/sites/default/files/2025-08/gdp2q25-2nd.pdf

Subsequently, the U.S. Department of Commerce announced that it had published the official hash value of the PDF file containing the GDP data for the second quarter of 2025 (which in some cases also includes the total GDP) on the following nine blockchains: Bitcoin, Ethereum, Solana, TRON, Stellar, Avalanche, Arbitrum One, Polygon PoS, and Optimism.

In other words, the U.S. Department of Commerce downloaded the aforementioned PDF file and performed a SHA256 hash operation on it, resulting in the hash:

c70972a12908b73c2407d9cc6842ba2a02203a690f3090cd29f30c45f0cfd93d

This hash value was then published on nine blockchains in the form of a memorandum or embedded data in a smart contract, along with the total data (depending on the situation of each blockchain).

The transaction hash or smart contract address for each blockchain is as follows:

Bitcoin transaction hash:

fcf172401ca9d89013f13f5bbf0fc7577cb8a3588bf5cbc3b458ff36635fec00

Ethereum smart contract address:

0x36ccdF11044f60F196e981970d592a7DE567ed7b

Solana transaction hash:

43dJVBK4hiXy1rpC5BifT8LU2NDNHKmdWyqyYDaTfyEeX8y3LMtUtajW3Q22rCSbmneny56CBtkictQRQJXV1ybp

TRON transaction hash:

3f05633fb894aa6d6610c980975cca732a051edbbf5d8667799782cf2ae04040

Stellar transaction hash:

89e4d300d237db6b67c510f71c8cd2f690868806a6b40a40a5a9755f4954144

Avalanche smart contract address: 0x36ccdF11044f60F196e981970d592a7DE567ed7b

Arbitrum One smart contract address: 0x36ccdF11044f60F196e981970d592a7DE567ed7b

Polygon PoS smart contract address: 0x36ccdF11044f60F196e981970d592a7DE567ed7b

Optimism smart contract address: 0x36ccdF11044f60F196e981970d592a7DE567ed7b

Let's take a look at the Ethereum smart contract address:

As shown in the image, the hash value of the GDP PDF file from the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis is indeed written into the Ethereum smart contract.

So what about Chainlink?

Feed: Chainlink Puts 6 Data Points on Chain

Unlike the U.S. Department of Commerce, which only transmitted the PDF file hash to the blockchain, Chainlink is feeding six key U.S. economic data points as data sources (Data Feed) to ten blockchains.

These six data points are: actual GDP, actual GDP annualized growth rate, PCE price index, PCE price index annualized growth rate, actual final sales to private domestic purchasers, and annual growth rate of actual final sales to private domestic purchasers.

Chainlink first supports ten blockchains, namely: Arbitrum, Avalanche, Base, Botanix, Ethereum, Linea, Mantle, Optimism, Sonic, and ZKsync. Chainlink also stated that it will update the data monthly or quarterly as needed and will gradually support more blockchain networks based on user demand.

For example, the Feed address for Ethereum is as follows:

This means that as long as you integrate Chainlink and choose to read U.S. Government Macroeconomic Data Feeds, Chainlink will push (push) these six economic indicators of the U.S. economy to you on-chain.

Conclusion

Unlike the U.S. Department of Commerce, which merely uploaded the file hash, the significance of Chainlink may be greater.

Because the oracle feeds government macroeconomic data, it can unlock innovative use cases for the crypto market, such as serving as a data source for prediction market outcomes, issuing crypto assets related to official data, inflation-linked crypto products, and more.

This time, the U.S. Department of Commerce and Chainlink have put some official U.S. data on-chain, which is certainly a sign of the government further embracing blockchain.

However, it should also be noted that many in the crypto industry have long known that while blockchain can ensure that the data on-chain is immutable, the reliability of the uploaded data itself is questionable. Some of the U.S. government's data has been subject to market skepticism, including from Trump himself.

As noted, the GDP data released by the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis this time is its second estimate.

The U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis will release multiple revised data for quarterly GDP to more accurately reflect economic conditions. The initial estimate (Advance Estimate) is the first release, usually about a month after the end of the period. The second estimate (Second Estimate) is released about a month after the first estimate, based on more data for revision, providing a more accurate economic picture. There will also be a third estimate (Third Estimate / Final Estimate), which is the final estimate based on more comprehensive data.

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