Original source: Psy

Psy Protocol today announced that four leading industry mining pools and computing power ecosystems will join its testnet, which is particularly rare for a brand new PoW smart contract platform. The world's largest Dogecoin and Litecoin mining pool, F2Pool, will participate in this test alongside three computing infrastructure ecosystem partners: GrandCroix, DePIN X Capital, and Codestream.

In the benchmark tests, Psy will demonstrate a processing capacity of over a million transactions per second. The protocol achieves this goal by pushing proof generation to the edge: users generate zero-knowledge proofs for their transactions on local devices, eliminating the computational bottlenecks typically faced by validators.

Subsequently, miners validate these proofs and recursively compress them through a proof aggregation mechanism, folding multiple proofs into a single proof of constant size. This recursive aggregation means that the validation burden remains fixed and independent of transaction volume, allowing the network to scale horizontally as more users generate proofs in parallel.

Psy's New Computing Power Partners

F2Pool, established in 2013, is the world's largest Dogecoin and Litecoin mining pool. The company provides services to miners globally and has established itself as a key infrastructure provider in the PoW ecosystem.

GrandCroix focuses on developing high-performance mining infrastructure for decentralized AI networks, specializing in building large-scale inference mining systems centered on efficiency and continuous operation capabilities, with deep technical expertise in coordinating distributed computing resources. GrandCroix set a dominant record on the Bittensor network—operating as the sole miner for six consecutive months, accumulating $200 million worth of TAO, which accounts for 25% of the total supply. This achievement facilitated the construction and sale of Bittensor Exchange, making it the leading trading platform for that network.

DePIN X Capital, headquartered in Asia, is a digital asset investment and venture firm focused on designing and managing digital asset treasury (DAT) tools listed on NASDAQ and the NYSE. In addition to capital market operations, DePIN X leverages its predecessor 1475—one of the world's largest Filecoin node operators—to concurrently develop infrastructure and investment businesses. Through this business line, DePIN X provides GPU infrastructure, node operation, and strategic capital support for leading decentralized infrastructure and AI projects, combining technical execution with direct investment to promote sustainable long-term ecological development.

Codestream focuses on providing computing power infrastructure for enterprise-level AI workloads and decentralized applications. The company supports developers and network platforms by designing scalable global distributed GPU resources for production environments that require continuous availability.

Uniqueness of Psy

The core innovation of the Psy protocol lies in "Proof of Useful Work," where miners are responsible for validating and aggregating zero-knowledge proofs rather than competing to find random hash values. Users generate proofs for transactions on local devices and only submit proofs and state updates to the network. Miners recursively combine these proofs based on Psy's PARTH (Parallel Ascending Recursive Tree Hierarchy) state model, ultimately forming a single proof that can verify the entire block.

The protocol avoids state contention by establishing independent state trees for each user. When a user makes a transfer, they only update their own outbox rather than directly modifying the recipient's balance; the recipient then extracts tokens by verifying the sender's commitment. This mechanism allows millions of users to trade simultaneously without conflicts arising from competing for shared state.

In terms of scalability, Psy achieves logarithmic rather than linear growth: block generation time increases logarithmically with the number of users, rather than linearly with transaction volume. At the same time, zero-knowledge proofs inherently provide privacy protection, allowing users to prove the validity of transactions without disclosing transaction amounts, recipients, or purposes.

Comments from Partners

"These partners are investing real hardware and funds to validate this brand new ultra-fast PoW smart contract platform," said Carter Feldman, founder and CEO of Psy Protocol. "In proof-of-stake systems, large holders control the network by staking existing assets. Here, miners need to deploy physical infrastructure and bear operational costs to participate. When mature mining pools and computing power ecosystems decide to invest resources in a new chain, it immediately attracts market attention—this is a testament to trust in the technology and the team, and we are honored to have them join the Psy community."

"Our participation in the Psy testnet is part of DePIN X's broader mission—to connect capital markets with real computing power. We believe Psy Protocol is a PoW network that truly generates economic utility rather than wasting resources, which is the type of infrastructure we are willing to support and represents the future form of decentralized computing power," said Simon Yang, founder of DePIN X Capital.

"Codestream has always focused on supporting the best projects, and we believe Psy's architecture can bring significant change," said Gadi Glikberg, director of Codestream. "Psy's scalability fundamentally reshapes the economic model of decentralized applications and has the potential to become a growing coordination layer for the agent economy."

These partners will comprehensively validate the protocol's performance and security through the testnet before the mainnet launch.

About Psy Protocol

Psy Protocol is a smart contract platform based on Proof-of-Useful-Work, deeply integrating the neutrality and security of proof of work with the high scalability and high performance brought by next-generation architecture. By delegating the work of generating transaction proofs to users and aggregating zero-knowledge proofs on-chain, Psy achieves internet-level throughput, low fees, and open participation without sacrificing the exceptional security of proof of work. The Psy platform empowers developers to build ultra-large-scale Web3 applications and enable the AI agent economy, aiming to become the core infrastructure supporting the next generation of decentralized internet ecosystems.

Official website: https://psy.xyz

X (Prev.Twitter): https://x.com/PsyProtocol

Linktree: https://linktr.ee/PsyProtocol

This article is contributed and does not represent the views of BlockBeats.

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