1/5 Is human thinking just a biological computer? 🤔 Turing's theory actually gave us a deeper answer. Our intelligence can be seen as a wonderful combination of two "machines": one processing "perception" and the other responsible for "computation". This explains why we can not only calculate, but also 'understand' the world. Cognitive Science Turing 2/5 Firstly, there is the Oracle Machine. It is like our intuitive system, responsible for answering "judgment questions" that cannot be purely deduced by logic. For example, when we see an object, we can instantly determine whether it is an apple? 🍎」。 This is not computation, but a fuzzy perceptual process based on experience and pattern recognition. 3/5 Next is the standard 'Turing Machine'. Once our 'oracle' confirms that it is Apple, the rational system takes over. It begins to execute clear and regular "computable problems," such as "how many apples are there 🔢。 This is a purely logical and symbolic processing process. 4/5 So, our brain is a complex system: 🔹 Intuitive system (oracle): Jumping out of formal systems, completing perception and judgment of the real world. 🔹 Rational system (Turing machine): Performing rigorous reasoning and calculations within a formal system. This perfectly explains the "System 1/System 2" theory in psychology and points out the "symbolic grounding" problem that AI faces. 5/5 Summary: The extraordinary nature of human intelligence lies not in how fast it calculates, but in our possession of an "oracle" structure that can interact with the real world. This enables us to give symbols meaning and truly understand the world, rather than just processing data. This may be the gap that General Artificial Intelligence (AGI) needs to overcome the most. Philosophy of Artificial Intelligence