[Vitalik Responds to Paradigm CTO: Full Account Abstraction Not Achieved, Requires ECDSA or Middleware] Odaily Planet Daily reports that Paradigm CTO Georgios Konstantopoulos stated that a year of research has found no major breakthroughs in account abstraction and suggested it should have been designed as a native Ethereum feature in earlier years. Vitalik Buterin responded that full account abstraction has not been achieved and requires ECDSA or middleware. Middleware reliance poses risks to privacy, censorship resistance, quantum security, and privacy protocols still face challenges.