One picture to understand: How new web3 novices can set up their own servers!! Hand in hand teaching you how to build!! Having one's own server is the pursuit of every web3 technology enthusiast. Building a server has many uses, such as learning, monitoring tool development, website hosting, and cryptocurrency data analysis, all of which can be achieved, However, depending on the purpose, the way servers are built may vary. In this issue, we will share with you how to build your own server and provide detailed steps. Let's take a look together. 1、 Preparation work 1. Determine the purpose Before setting up a server, it is crucial to clarify its purpose. Common uses include: Web server: hosting websites. Game servers: such as Minecraft servers. File Server: Share and store files. Database server: runs databases such as MySQL and PostgreSQL. 2. Select server type Self built physical server: Purchase hardware, assemble and configure it yourself. Using VPS or cloud servers: Purchase virtual servers through cloud service providers such as Yingguang Cloud, LightNode, Tencent Cloud. 2、 Steps to Build a Self Built Physical Server 1. Prepare hardware Choose suitable hardware configuration based on server usage: CPU: Choose multi-core high-frequency processors (such as Intel Xeon, AMD Ryzen). Memory: At least 8GB, recommended 16GB or higher. Storage: Choose SSD (fast speed) or HDD (large capacity) according to your needs. Motherboard: Supports long-term operation and is compatible with server hardware. Power supply: High stability power supply. Chassis: Choose a server chassis suitable for placement in a computer room or home environment. 2. Install the operating system The server operating system can be Windows Server or Linux, taking Linux as an example: Download image files such as Ubuntu Server, CentOS, etc. Create a bootable disk: Use a tool (such as Rufus) to write the image to a USB drive. Start installation: Insert the USB flash drive into the server and enter BIOS to set it to USB boot. Follow the prompts to install the operating system, set disk partitions, network, etc. 3、 Steps to set up a server using VPS 1. Choose a VPS provider Common VPS providers include: Overseas: DigitalOcean, AWS, Vultr. Domestic: Fluorescent Cloud LightNode、 Tencent Cloud. 2. Create VPS instance Log in to the service provider's official website and select the appropriate package (CPU, memory, storage). Choose an operating system (such as Linux). Configure network and firewall rules, and open necessary ports (such as 80 and 443). 3. Remote connection to the server Using SSH to connect to a Linux server: ssh username@server_ip Username is the server username (usually root). Server_ip is the server IP address. 4、 Server Configuration and Settings 1. Install necessary software Install software according to server usage. For example: Web server: Install Nginx or Apache. Database: Install MySQL or PostgreSQL. Game server: Install server programs for specific games. 2. Configure firewall Set up a firewall to ensure server security: Use ufw (Ubuntu) or firewalld (CentOS). For example, open HTTP and HTTPS ports: sudo ufw allow 80 sudo ufw allow 443 3. Set up domain name resolution If you need to access the server through a domain name: Configure domain name resolution at the domain name service provider to point to the server IP. Configure server web services to support domain access. 4. Install SSL certificate Configure SSL certificate for server using tools such as Certbot: sudo apt install Certbot sudo Certbot -- nginx 5、 Daily maintenance of servers 1. Regular backup Use rsync or the backup function of cloud services to regularly backup important data. 2. Update the operating system and software Keep the system and service software up-to-date to avoid security vulnerabilities: sudo apt update&sudo apt upgrade 3. Monitor server status Install server monitoring tools (such as Zabbix, Nagios) to view CPU, memory, bandwidth, and other usage. 4. Set up log management Record server operation logs for easy troubleshooting. For example: tail - f/var/log/syslog 6、 Common problems and solutions 1. The server cannot be accessed Reason: The port is not open and is restricted by firewall rules. Solution: Check firewall configuration and security group rules. 2. Slow operation Reason: Insufficient resources (such as memory, CPU). Solution: Optimize software configuration or upgrade hardware/package. 3. Data loss Reason: Failure to backup or hard drive malfunction. Solution: Regularly backup data using RAID or cloud storage. 7、 Warm reminder Choose server type based on requirements: If it's just for learning and development, choosing VPS is more economical; If you need to run complex tasks for a long time, building your own physical server may be more suitable. Pay attention to security: enable firewall, regularly update, and set strong passwords. Make full use of automation tools: Use scripts (such as Shell scripts) to automate daily tasks and reduce maintenance time. Learn basic commands and skills: Familiar with Linux commands and network configuration knowledge to improve management efficiency. Following the above 5 steps, you can successfully set up your own server, and the rest of the applications and deployments depend on your own performance. Give it a try now.