I roughly looked at the roadmap for Ethereum's simplified consensus, and indeed, as Vitalik Buterin said, it has started to gain momentum.

Here are some highlights I noticed:

1) Ethereum's past updates and iterations have been patchwork, leading to an accumulation of too much technical debt. However, this roadmap at least indicates that Ethereum is truly ready to "start over," reminiscent of the bold transition from POW to POS. They even abandoned BLS elliptic curve signatures in favor of hash signatures. While BLS has been instrumental in the implementation of the beacon chain, it has become the biggest roadblock in terms of cost and efficiency for comprehensive ZK solutions. The goal here is to make Ethereum a truly ZK-Native chain.

2) Surprisingly, they are exploring six zkVM technology routes simultaneously, not for general computing, but to optimize the "signature aggregation" scenario to the extreme. SP1 (Succinct), OpenVM's general customization plan, and dedicated solutions like Binius and Hashcaster are all being advanced at the same time. This actually introduces a kind of zkVM race mechanism, aiming to maximize the performance of Ethereum's zkVM. However, I noticed that the pioneer of zkVM, RiscZero, seems to be absent. But upon reflection, it makes sense; RiscZero aims to serve a larger generalized zkVM market, while Ethereum only needs to focus on extreme customization in signature aggregation. With a broader perspective, they may not be interested in specialized optimizations.

3) The staking threshold has been reduced from 32 ETH to 1 ETH, and block time has decreased from 12 seconds to 4 seconds. These performance optimizations are direct results of the hash signature and zkVM upgrades, further achieving Ethereum L1's high-performance mission. However, this raises a question: what value do those general layer 2 solutions, which are simply cheaper and more efficient, have? They are left with one path: to transition to Specific-Chains (game chains, payment chains?), or models like Based Rollup may become mainstream. After all, with the performance improvements in L1, it makes more sense to hand over sequencing to L1.

That's all.

Overall, I feel that Ethereum's simplified consensus roadmap is no different from Solana's recent Alpenglow and Firedancer upgrade paths; both essentially aim to achieve performance leaps through simplified consensus. However, the technical debt accumulated by Ethereum in the past is still too heavy, and it will likely require another 4-5 years for reconstruction.

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